“One million Tanzanians are estimated to have fallen below the national poverty line in 2020.”
Women make up approximately 60% of all Tanzanians not currently participating in the labour force.
(Idris, 2018).
“Research has demonstrated that a 90% increase in women-owned businesses correlates with the introduction of micro-finance. This increase in economic autonomy has shown to result in an over 80% reduction in reported female sexual assault.”
More than 20 percent of all women aged 15 to 49 have experienced physical violence in the last year (40 percent in their lifetime), and about 75 percent of children experience physical violence from a relative before the 18 years.
Additionally, 58 percent of women and 40 percent of men believe a husband is justified in hitting his wife under certain circumstances.
Tanzania Gender Assessment 2022 and the Tanzania Gender-Based Violence Assessment 2022
“Just over one in four Tanzanian girls goes on to complete their secondary education with the gap widening further at the tertiary level.”
“Poor menstrual health management (MHM) has been shown to impact both physical and mental health; school performance and attendance; and the environment. In Tanzania, 91 % of rural shops do not sell disposable menstrual pads and even if they are available, buying them is stigmatised and culturally sensitive. Research has shown the best way to improve MHM is through raising awareness and educating all genders and occupations in proper hygiene.”
Research conducted in the Arumeru district has concluded that there are major entrepreneurship challenges in Arumeru, including a lack of collateral and start-up capital, strict microfinance conditions, high interest rates, small loan sizes, and negative attitudes towards women entrepreneurs. This is despite entrepreneurship positively influencing female wellbeing. The best way to increase entrepreneurialism is through education.
“Tanzanian small business enterprises face several constraints such as limited capital, poor market accessibility, low entrepreneurial knowledge and a bureaucracy that hinders their growth.”
Married women in rural Tanzania still own little land without their husbands and have limited rights over the jointly owned land. In Tanzania, an inherent tension lies in the recognition of customary laws that explicitly discriminate against women and statutory laws that establish equal rights for men and women.
Women in Tanzania face discrimination in the labour market in terms of security, heath and legal protections. A study done by the Legal and Human Rights Centre (2019) shows that when most women become pregnant in the business sector, they are denied paid maternity leave and, usually, forced to find another job.
Young mothers are discouraged from participating in Technical and Vocational Education and Training programmes (TVET) because of difficulties in securing various factors such as family support, adequate housing, access to adequate childcare during study and class hours, time to engage in learning, and sufficient funds to support their families and attend classes.